The course aims to bring students into contact with a series of theoretical and practical issues related to the pedagogy of the one-to-one instrumental lesson and is structured around three areas. The first deals with selected contemporary topics of Sociology and Psychology of Music Pedagogy and the ways in which these are a starting point for the discussion of various topics, such as the benefits of learning a musical instrument, musical "talent", practice and motivation, the development of specific cognitive functions, music performance anxiety (MPA). The second focuses on the role, special characteristics and musical identity of the music educator/instrumental teacher, while developing critical thinking, reflection and re-examination of personal experiences through short exercises and activities. The third critically analyzes the official framework of individual instrument lessons in Greek Music Schools, based on the new school curriculum. It also includes optional observation of instrumental lessons at music middle/high schools. The course is supported by workshop-type meetings and practical activities regarding various teaching strategies in the context of different musical traditions.